Ubwihindurize bwa Neuroshirurgie na Microsururgie: Iterambere ry'ubupayiniya mubumenyi bwubuvuzi

Ubuvuzi bwa Neurosurgie, bwatangiye mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19 Uburayi, ntabwo bwahindutse umwihariko wihariye wo kubaga kugeza mu Kwakira 1919. Ibitaro bya Brigham i Boston byashyizeho kimwe mu bigo bya mbere by’ubuvuzi bw’imyororokere ku isi mu 1920. Byari ikigo cyabigenewe gifite gahunda y’ubuvuzi yuzuye gusa yibanze kuri neurosurgie. Nyuma yaho, hashyizweho Umuryango wa Neurosurgueons, umurima witiriwe ku mugaragaro, kandi utangira kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’ubuvuzi bw’imyororokere ku isi. Nyamara, mugihe cyambere cyo kubaga neurosurgie nkumurima wihariye, ibikoresho byo kubaga byari bisanzwe, tekiniki ntizakuze, umutekano wa anesteziya wari muke, kandi ingamba zifatika zo kurwanya ubwandu, kugabanya kubyimba ubwonko, hamwe n’umuvuduko ukabije w’imitsi yabuze. Kubera iyo mpamvu, kubaga ntibyari bike, kandi impfu zagumye hejuru.

Ubuvuzi bwa kijyambere bugenda butera imbere kubera ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi byabaye mu kinyejana cya 19. Ubwa mbere, kwinjiza anesteziya byatumye abarwayi babagwa nta bubabare. Icya kabiri, ishyirwa mubikorwa ryubwonko (ibimenyetso byubwonko nibimenyetso) byafashaga kubaga mugupima no gutegura uburyo bwo kubaga. Hanyuma, kwinjiza tekinike zo kurwanya bagiteri no gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bwa aseptic byatumye abaganga bagabanya ibyago byo guhura nibibazo biterwa no kwandura.

Mu Bushinwa, urwego rwo kubaga indwara zo mu mutwe zashinzwe mu ntangiriro ya za 70 kandi rumaze gutera intambwe igaragara mu myaka 20 ishize rwashyizeho umwete n'iterambere. Ishyirwaho rya neurosirurgie nka disipuline ryahaye inzira iterambere mu buhanga bwo kubaga, ubushakashatsi ku mavuriro, ndetse n’ubuvuzi. Abaganga b’ubuvuzi bw’abashinwa bagize uruhare runini muri urwo rwego, haba mu gihugu ndetse no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, kandi bagize uruhare runini mu guteza imbere imikorere y’ubuvuzi bw’ubuvuzi.

Mu gusoza, urwego rwa neurosirurgie rwateye intambwe ishimishije kuva rwashingwa mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19. Duhereye ku mikoro make kandi uhura n’impfu nyinshi, kwinjiza anesteziya, tekinike y’ubwonko, hamwe n’ingamba zo kurwanya ubwandu bwahinduye ubwonko bwahinduwe mu buryo bwihariye bwo kubaga. Imbaraga z’Ubushinwa mu bijyanye no kubaga no kubaga mikorobe zashimangiye umwanya w’umuyobozi w’isi muri uru rwego. Hamwe no gukomeza guhanga udushya no kwitanga, izi disipuline zizakomeza gutera imbere no kugira uruhare mu kuzamura ubuvuzi bw’abarwayi ku isi.