Amateka yo gukoresha ninshingano za microscopes zo kubaga muri neurosurgie

 

Mu mateka ya neurosirurgie, ikoreshwa ryamicroscopes yo kubagani ikimenyetso simusiga, gitera imbere kuva mugihe gakondo cya neurosurgie yo kubaga munsi yijisho ryerekeza mugihe cya kijyambere cya neurosurgie yo kubaga munsi ya amicroscope. Ninde kandi ryariikora microscopestangira gukoreshwa muri neurosurgie? Ni uruhe ruhare rufitemicroscope yo kubagayagize uruhare mu iterambere rya neurosurgie? Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi nikoranabuhanga, ubushakeGukoresha microscopegusimburwa nibindi bikoresho bigezweho? Iki nikibazo buri neurosurgueon agomba kumenya kandi agakoresha ikoranabuhanga nibikoresho bigezweho mubijyanye na neurosurgie, bigateza imbere ubumenyi bwokubaga neurosurgie.

1 History Amateka ya Microscopi ikoreshwa murwego rwubuvuzi

Muri fiziki, indorerwamo z'amaso ni lensike ya convex ifite imiterere imwe ifite ingaruka zo gukuza, kandi gukura kwayo ni kugufi, bizwi nko gukuza ibirahure. Mu 1590, Abadage babiri bashyizeho plaque ebyiri za convex imbere muri barri ya silindrike yoroheje, bityo bahimba igikoresho cya mbere ku isi cyo gukuza ibikoresho:microscope. Nyuma yaho, imiterere ya microscope yarakomeje kunozwa, no gukura bikomeza. Muri kiriya gihe, abahanga bakoresheje cyanemicroscopekwitegereza utuntu duto twinyamaswa n'ibimera, nkimiterere ya selile. Kuva mu kinyejana cya 19 kugeza mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19, ibirahure binini na microscopes byakoreshejwe buhoro buhoro mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi. Ubwa mbere, abaganga babaga bakoresheje uburyo bw'amaso yerekana amadarubindi yerekana ikirahuri kimwe gishobora gushyirwa ku kiraro cy'izuru kugira ngo babagwa. Mu 1876, umuganga w’Ubudage Saemisch yabazwe bwa mbere "microscopique" ku isi akoresheje ikirahure cy’amaso yerekana ikirahure (ubwoko bwo kubaga ntibuzwi). Mu 1893, isosiyete yo mu Budage Zeiss yahimbye umicroscope. Mu 1921, hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi bwa laboratoire ku nyamaswa zo mu matwi imbere, Nylen yo muri Suwede Nylen yakoresheje igenamigambimicroscope yo kubaga monocularyateguye kandi yakozwe na we wenyine kugira ngo abaga abantu indwara ya otitis idakira kubaga abantu, byari microsurgie yukuri. Umwaka umwe, umuganga mukuru wa Nylen Hlolmgren yerekanye amicroscope yo kubaga bininiyakozwe na Zeiss mucyumba cyo gukoreramo.

KeraGukoresha microscopesyari ifite imbogamizi nyinshi, nko kutagira imashini idahwitse, kudashobora kwimuka, kumurika amashoka atandukanye no gushyushya lens ya objectif, umurima muto wo kubaga, n'ibindi. Izi nizo mpamvu zose zigabanya ikoreshwa ryagutse ryamicroscopes yo kubaga. Mu myaka mirongo itatu ikurikira, kubera imikoranire myiza hagati yabaganga naabakora microscope, imikorere yamicroscopes yo kubagabyakomeje kunozwa, kandimicroscopes yo kubaga binocular, igisenge cyashyizwe kuri microscopes, zoom zoom, kumurika urumuri rwa coaxial kumurika, ingufu za elegitoroniki cyangwa amazi yagenzuye amaboko avugwa, kugenzura ibirenge, nibindi byatejwe imbere. Mu 1953, isosiyete yo mu Budage Zeiss yakoze urukurikirane rwihariyemicroscopes yo kubaga otologiya, cyane cyane kubagwa kubikomere byimbitse nko gutwi hagati hamwe namagufa yigihe gito. Mugihe imikorere yamicroscopes yo kubagaikomeje gutera imbere, imitekerereze yabaganga nayo ihora ihinduka. Urugero, abaganga b'Abadage Zollner na Wullstein babivuzemicroscopes yo kubagabigomba gukoreshwa muburyo bwo kubaga tympanic membrane shaping. Kuva mu myaka ya za 1950, abahanga mu kuvura amaso bahinduye buhoro buhoro imyitozo yo gukoresha microscopes gusa mu bizamini by'amaso hanyuma batangizwa.microscopes ya otosurgikikubaga amaso. Kuva icyo gihe,Gukoresha microscopezagiye zikoreshwa cyane mubice bya otologiya nubuvuzi bwamaso.

2 、 Gukoresha microscope yo kubaga muri neurosurgie

Bitewe numwihariko wa neurosirurgie, ikoreshwa ryamicroscopes yo kubaga muri neurosurgieni nyuma gato ugereranije na otologiya nubuvuzi bwamaso, kandi neurosurgueon biga cyane ubu buhanga bushya. Icyo gihe ,.gukoresha microscopes yo kubagayari mu Burayi. Umuganga w'amaso w'Abanyamerika Perrit yabanje kwerekanamicroscopes yo kubagakuva i Burayi kugera muri Amerika mu 1946, bishyiraho urufatiro rw’abanyamerika babagaGukoresha microscopes.

Duhereye ku kubahiriza agaciro k'ubuzima bwa muntu, ikoranabuhanga rishya, ibikoresho, cyangwa ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu mubiri w'umuntu bigomba gukorerwa ubushakashatsi bw’inyamaswa n’amahugurwa ya tekiniki kubakoresha. Mu 1955, umunyamerika neurosurgeon Malis yabazwe ubwonko ku nyamaswa akoresheje amicroscope yo kubaga binini. Kurze, inzobere mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe muri kaminuza y’amajyepfo ya Californiya muri Amerika, yamaze umwaka yiga uburyo bwo kubaga bwo gukoresha microscope muri laboratoire nyuma yo kwitegereza kubaga ugutwi munsi ya microscope. Muri Kanama 1957, yabazwe neza na neuroma acoustic neuroma ku mwana w'imyaka 5 akoresheje ankubaga ugutwi microscope, bwari bwo bwa mbere ku isi kubaga microsurgical. Nyuma yaho gato, Kurze yatsinze neza imitsi yo mu maso sublingual nerv anastomose kumwana akoresheje amicroscope yo kubaga, kandi gukira k'umwana byari byiza cyane. Iyi yari inshuro ya kabiri yo kubaga microsurgical kubaga ku isi. Nyuma, Kurze yakoresheje amakamyo gutwaraGukoresha microscopesahantu hatandukanye kuri microsurgical neurosurgie, kandi wasabye cyane gukoreshamicroscopes yo kubagakubandi ba neurosurgue. Nyuma yaho, Kurze yabazwe ubwonko bwa aneurysm yo gukuramo akoresheje amicroscope yo kubaga(ikibabaje, ntabwo yigeze atangaza ingingo). Abifashijwemo n’umurwayi wa trigeminal neuralgia yivuje, yashinze laboratoire ya mbere ya micro skull base ya neurosirurgie laboratoire ku isi mu 1961. Tugomba guhora twibuka uruhare rwa Kurze muri microsurgurgie kandi tukigira ku butwari yagize bwo kwakira ikoranabuhanga n’ibitekerezo bishya. Ariko, kugeza mu ntangiriro ya za 90, bamwe mu babaga neurosurgue mu Bushinwa ntibabyemeyeMicroscopes ya Neuroshirurgiekubagwa. Ntabwo cyari ikibazo kuriMicroscope yo kubagaubwayo, ariko ikibazo kijyanye no gusobanukirwa ingengabitekerezo ya neurosurgueons.

Mu 1958, umunyamerika witwa Neurosurgueon Donaghy yashinze laboratoire ya mbere ku isi y’ubushakashatsi n’amahugurwa i Burlington, muri Vermont. Mubyiciro byambere, yahuye kandi nurujijo ningorane zamafaranga kubayobozi be. Muri kaminuza, buri gihe yatekerezaga guca imiyoboro y'amaraso ifunguye kugira ngo ikure trombi mu barwayi bafite ubwonko bwo mu bwonko. Yafatanije rero n’umuganga ubaga imitsi Jacobson mu bushakashatsi bw’inyamaswa n’ubuvuzi. Muri kiriya gihe, mu bihe byijisho ryonyine, hashobora kudoda gusa imiyoboro mito yamaraso ifite diameter ya milimetero 7-8 cyangwa irenga. Kugirango ugere kuri anastomose yanyuma-iherezo yimiyoboro yamaraso meza, Jacobson yabanje kugerageza gukoresha ibirahuri byerekana ikirahure. Bidatinze, yibutse gukoresha anotolaryngology yo kubaga microscopekubagwa igihe yari umuganga utuye. Hifashishijwe rero Zeiss mu Budage, Jacobson yateguye microscope ebyiri yo kubaga (Diploscope) kuri anastomose y'amaraso, ituma abaganga babiri babaga icyarimwe. Nyuma y’ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bw’inyamaswa, Jacobson yasohoye inyandiko ivuga kuri anastomose ya microsurgical yimbwa na arterière itari karotide (1960), hamwe na 100% byatewe na anastomose yimitsi. Uru ni impapuro zubuvuzi zijyanye na microsurgical neurosurgie no kubaga imitsi. Jacobson yanashizeho ibikoresho byinshi bya microsurgical, nk'imikasi ya mikoro, ibyuma bifata inshinge, hamwe na mikoro. Mu 1960, Donaghy yakoze neza ubwonko bwubwonko bwitwa trombectomy munsi ya amicroscope yo kubagakumurwayi urwaye ubwonko. Rhoton ukomoka muri Amerika yatangiye kwiga anatomiya y'ubwonko munsi ya microscope mu 1967, akora umurimo mushya wa anatomiya ya microsurgical kandi atanga umusanzu ukomeye mu iterambere rya mikorobe. Bitewe nibyiza byamicroscopes yo kubagano kunoza ibikoresho bya microsurgical, benshi kandi benshi babaga bakunda gukoreshamicroscopes yo kubagakubagwa. Kandi yasohoye ingingo nyinshi zijyanye na progaramu ya microsurgical.

3 Gukoresha microscope yo kubaga muri neurosurgie mu Bushinwa

Nkumushinwa ukunda igihugu mumahanga mubuyapani, Professor Du Ziwei yatanze impano yambere murugomicroscope ya neurosurgicalkandi bifitanye isanoibikoresho bya microsurgicalmu ishami rya Neuroshirurgie ry’ibitaro bishamikiye kuri Suzhou Medical College (ubu ni ishami rya Neuroshirurgie ryo muri kaminuza ya Suzhou ishami ry’ibitaro bya mbere) mu 1972. Amaze gusubira mu Bushinwa, yabanje kubaga microsurgurgie nka aneurysms yo mu nda ndetse na meningioma. Nyuma yo kwiga kubyerekeye kubonekamicroscopes ya neurosurgicaln'ibikoresho bya microsurgical, Porofeseri Zhao Yadu wo mu ishami rya Neuroshirurgie ishami ry’ibitaro bya Beijing Yiwu yasuye Porofeseri Du Ziwei wo mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubuvuzi rya Suzhou kugira ngo arebe imikoresherezemicroscopes yo kubaga. Porofeseri Shi Yuquan wo mu bitaro bya Shanghai Huashan ku giti cye yasuye ishami rya Porofeseri Du Ziwei kugira ngo arebe uburyo bwo kubaga mikorobe. Nkigisubizo, umurongo wo gutangiza, kwiga, no gushyira mubikorwaMicroscopes ya Neuroshirurgieyatangiriye mu bigo bikomeye byo kubaga imitsi yo mu Bushinwa, ibyo bikaba byatangiye intangiriro yo kubaga mikorobe yo mu Bushinwa.

4 、 Ingaruka zo Kubaga Microsururgie

Bitewe no gukoreshamicroscopes ya neurosurgical, kubaga bidashobora gukorwa nijisho ryonyine birashoboka mugihe cyo gukuza inshuro 6-10. Kurugero, kubaga ibibyimba bya pitoito binyuze muri sinus ya Ethmoidal birashobora kumenya neza no kuvanaho ibibyimba bya pitoito mugihe urinze glande isanzwe; Kubaga bidashobora gukorwa n'amaso gusa birashobora kuba kubagwa neza, nk'ibibyimba byo mu bwonko ndetse n'uruti rw'umugongo. Umunyeshuri Wang Zhongcheng yagize impfu zingana na 10.7% kubagwa ubwonko bwa aneurysm mbere yo gukoresha amicroscope yo kubaga. Nyuma yo gukoresha microscope mu 1978, impfu zaragabanutse kugera kuri 3.2%. Igipimo cyimpfu zubwonko bwa arteriovenous malformation kubaga udakoresheje amicroscope yo kubagayari 6.2%, na nyuma ya 1984, hamwe no gukoresha amicroscopes ya neurosirurgie, impfu zaragabanutse kugera kuri 1,6%. Ikoreshwa ryamicroscope yo kubagayemerera ibibyimba bya pitoito kuvurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bworoshye bwo kwanduza transnaspenoidal transsphenoidal bitabaye ngombwa ko hakenerwa craniotomy, bikagabanya umubare w'impfu zo kubaga ziva kuri 4.7% zikagera kuri 0.9%. Kugera kuri ibyo bisubizo ntibishoboka mugihe cyo kubaga amaso gakondo, bityomicroscopes yo kubagani ikimenyetso cyubwonko bugezweho kandi bwabaye kimwe mubikoresho byingirakamaro kandi bidasubirwaho mububiko bwa kijyambere.