Iterambere ry'ikoreshwa rya exoscopes mu kubaga ubwonko

 

Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryamikorosikopi zo kubagana neuroendoscope byongereye cyane imikorere y’ubuvuzi bwo kubaga ubwonko. Nyamara, bitewe n’imiterere imwe n’imwe y’ibikoresho ubwabyo, biracyafite imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe mu mikoreshereze yabyo mu buvuzi. Bitewe n’intege nke zamikorosikopi zikorana neuroendoscopes, hamwe n'iterambere mu gufata amashusho y'ikoranabuhanga, guhuza umuyoboro wa Wifi, ikoranabuhanga rya ecran na ikoranabuhanga rya optique, sisitemu ya exoscope yabaye ikiraro gihuza mikorosikopi zo kubaga na neuroendoscopes. Exoscope ifite ubwiza bw'ishusho n'ubushobozi bwo kureba mu kubaga, imiterere myiza yo mu buryo bw'imikorere, ubushobozi bwo kwigisha ndetse n'uburyo itsinda ry'ababaga rikorana neza, kandi imikorere yayo isa n'iya mikorosikopi zisanzwe. Muri iki gihe, inyandiko zigaragaza cyane itandukaniro riri hagati ya exoscopes na mikorosikopi zo kubaga mu bikoresho bya tekiniki nko kubaga uburebure bw'ubutaka, uburebure bw'aho umuntu akorera, nta ncamake n'isesengura ry'uburyo byihariye bwo gukoresha n'ingaruka zo kubaga za exoscopes mu kubaga ubwonko. Bityo, dusesengura muri make uburyo exoscopes zikoreshwa mu kubaga ubwonko mu myaka ya vuba aha, dusesengura ibyiza byazo n'imbogamizi mu buvuzi, kandi dutanga ibisobanuro ku ikoreshwa rya cinical.

Amateka n'Iterambere rya exoscopes

Mikorosikopi zo kubaga zifite urumuri rwinshi rwinshi, ubushobozi bwo kureba neza mu buryo bwo kubaga, n'ingaruka zo gufata amashusho ya stereoscopic, bishobora gufasha abaganga b'inzobere mu kubaga kureba neza imiterere y'imitsi n'imitsi y'aho babaga no kunoza uburyo bwo kubaga mikorosikopi. Ariko, uburebure bw'aho babagamikorosikopi yo kubagaUbugari buto kandi aho umuntu areba ni hato cyane, cyane cyane iyo ubwinshi bunini bugaragara. Umuganga w’inzobere mu kubaga agomba kwibanda kenshi no guhindura inguni y’aho aherereye, ibyo bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo bwo kubaga; Ku rundi ruhande, umuganga w’inzobere mu kubaga agomba kwitegereza no kubaga akoresheje imboni y’amaso ya mikorosikopi, bisaba ko umuganga w’inzobere mu kubaga agumana imiterere ihamye igihe kirekire, ibyo bikaba byatera umunaniro woroshye. Mu myaka mike ishize, kubaga mu buryo budakunze gukoreshwa cyane byateye imbere cyane, kandi sisitemu zo mu bwonko zakoreshejwe cyane mu kubaga ubwonko bitewe n’amashusho meza, ibisubizo byiza by’ubuvuzi, no kunyurwa kw’umurwayi. Ariko, bitewe n’umuyoboro muto w’uburyo bwo kubaga mu bwonko no kuba hari imiterere y’ingenzi y’imitsi hafi y’umuyoboro, hamwe n’imiterere y’uburyo bwo kubaga mu bwonko nko kudashobora kwagura cyangwa kugabanya umwobo w’ubwonko, uburyo bwo kubaga mu bwonko bukoreshwa cyane mu kubaga umutwe no kubaga ventricular binyuze mu buryo bwo mu mazuru no mu kanwa.

Bitewe n'intege nke za mikorosikopi zo kubaga na neuroendoscopes, hamwe n'iterambere mu gufata amashusho ya digitale, guhuza umuyoboro wa WiFi, ikoranabuhanga rya ecran, n'ikoranabuhanga rya optique, sisitemu y'indorerwamo yo hanze yagaragaye nk'ikiraro gihuza mikorosikopi zo kubaga na neuroendoscopes. Kimwe na neuroendoscopy, sisitemu y'indorerwamo yo hanze isanzwe igizwe n'indorerwamo yo kureba kure, isoko ry'urumuri, kamera ifite ubushobozi bwo kureba hejuru, ecran yo kwerekana, n'agasanduku. Imiterere nyamukuru itandukanya indorerwamo zo hanze na neuroendoscopy ni indorerwamo yo kureba kure ifite umurambararo wa mm 10 n'uburebure bwa mm 140. Lens yayo iri ku nguni ya 0 ° cyangwa 90 ° ugana ku murongo muremure w'umubiri w'indorerwamo, ifite uburebure bwa mm 250-750 n'ubujyakuzimu bwa mm 35-100. Uburebure burebure n'ubujyakuzimu bw'ubujyakuzimu bw'ubujyakuzimu ni ibyiza by'ingenzi bya sisitemu y'indorerwamo yo hanze kuruta neuroendoscopy.

Iterambere rya porogaramu n'ikoranabuhanga rya mudasobwa ryateje imbere iterambere ry'indorerwamo zo hanze, cyane cyane izamuka ry'indorerwamo zo hanze za 3D, ndetse n'indorerwamo zo hanze za 3D 4K zigezweho. Sisitemu y'indorerwamo yo hanze ihora ivugururwa buri mwaka. Ku bijyanye na porogaramu, sisitemu y'indorerwamo yo hanze ishobora kwerekana aho kubagwa ikoresheje amashusho ya tensor ya mbere yo kubagwa, inzira yo kubaga mu gihe cyo kubaga, n'andi makuru, bityo igafasha abaganga gukora kubaga neza kandi mu mutekano. Ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho, indorerwamo yo hanze ishobora guhuza aside 5-aminolevulinic na indocyanine filters kugira ngo habeho angiography, pneumatic arm, adjustable operating handle, multi ecran output, long focusing interest and magnification magnification, bityo ikagera ku ngaruka nziza ku ishusho no gukora.

Igereranya hagati ya exoscope na mikorosikopi zo kubaga

Sisitemu y'indorerwamo yo hanze ihuza imiterere y'inyuma ya neuroendoscopy n'ubwiza bw'ishusho ya mikorosikopi yo kubaga, byuzuzanya imbaraga n'intege nke za buri kimwe, kandi byuzuza icyuho kiri hagati ya mikorosikopi yo kubaga na neuroendoscopy. Indorerwamo zo hanze zifite imiterere y'ubujyakuzimu bwimbitse bw'ubutaka n'ahantu hagari ho kureba (umurambararo w'aho kubaga wa mm 50-150, uburebure bw'aho kubaga bwa mm 35-100), bitanga uburyo bworoshye cyane bwo kubaga mu buryo bwimbitse munsi yo kwaguka cyane; Ku rundi ruhande, uburebure bw'indorerwamo yo hanze bushobora kugera kuri mm 250-750, bigatanga intera ndende yo gukora no koroshya kubaga [7]. Ku bijyanye no kureba indorerwamo zo hanze, Ricciardi n'abandi basanze binyuze mu kugereranya indorerwamo zo hanze na mikorosikopi yo kubaga ko indorerwamo zo hanze zifite ubwiza bw'ishusho, imbaraga z'urumuri, n'ingaruka zo kwaguka zikagera kuri mikorosikopi. Indorerwamo yo hanze ishobora kandi guhinduka vuba kuva kuri mikorosikopi ikajya kuri macroscopi, ariko iyo umuyoboro wo kubaga "ufunganye hejuru no hasi" cyangwa ubangamiwe n'izindi ngingo z'umubiri, aho kureba munsi ya mikorosikopi akenshi haba hari aho bigarukira. Akamaro k'iyi sisitemu yo hanze y'indorerwamo ni uko ishobora kubaga mu buryo bunoze, ikagabanya igihe umuntu amara areba aho abagwa akoresheje indorerwamo y'amaso ya mikorosikopi, bityo ikagabanya umunaniro wa muganga wo kubaga. Sisitemu yo hanze y'indorerwamo itanga amashusho meza ya 3D ku bitabiriye kubaga bose mu gihe cyo kubaga. Iyi mikorosikopi yemerera abantu babiri kubaga binyuze muri iyi ndorerwamo, mu gihe indorerwamo yo hanze ishobora gusangira ishusho imwe mu gihe nyacyo, bigatuma abaganga benshi babaga icyarimwe kandi bakanoza imikorere yo kubaga binyuze mu gusangira amakuru n'abakozi bose. Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu yo hanze y'indorerwamo ntibangamira itumanaho ry'itsinda ry'ababaga, bigatuma abakozi bose babaga bitabira igikorwa cyo kubaga.

exoscope mu kubaga indwara z'ubwonko

Gonen n'abandi bavuze ko abantu 56 bakorewe glioma endoscopic surgery, aho umuntu umwe gusa yagize ibibazo (kuva amaraso mu gice cyo kubagwa) mu gihe cyo kubagwa, aho umubare w'abantu barwaye wagaragayeho 1.8% gusa. Rotermund n'abandi bavuze ko abantu 239 bakorewe corpus transsphenoidal surgery kuri pituitary adenomas, kandi corpus endoscopic surgery ntabwo yateje ibibazo bikomeye; Hagati aho, nta tandukaniro rinini ryabayeho mu gihe cyo kubagwa, ingorane, cyangwa gucibwa hagati yo kubagwa endoscopic surgery no kubagwa mikorosikopi. Chen n'abandi bavuze ko abantu 81 bakorewe ibibyimba bakuwemo binyuze mu buryo bwa retrosigmoid sinus. Ku bijyanye n'igihe cyo kubagwa, urwego rwo kubagwa ikibyimba, imikorere y'imitsi nyuma yo kubagwa, kumva, n'ibindi, kubagwa endoscopic surgery byari bisa no kubagwa mikorosikopi. Ugereranije ibyiza n'ibibi by'uburyo bubiri bwo kubaga, indorerwamo yo hanze isa cyangwa iruta mikorosikopi mu bijyanye n'ubwiza bw'ishusho ya videwo, aho kubagwa, imikorere, imikorere, n'ubwitabire bw'itsinda ryo kubaga, mu gihe uburyo bwo kubona uburebure bw'ikibyimba bugereranywa nk'aho ari buke cyangwa buri hasi ya mikorosikopi.

exoscope mu kwigisha kubaga indwara z'ubwonko

Kimwe mu byiza by'ingenzi by'indorerwamo zo hanze ni uko zemerera abaganga bose kubaga gusangira amashusho meza ya 3D, bigatuma abaganga bose babaga bagira uruhare runini mu gikorwa cyo kubaga, bakanavugana kandi bagatanga amakuru yo kubaga, borohereza kwigisha no kuyobora ibikorwa byo kubaga, bongera ubwitabire mu kwigisha, kandi bakanoza imikorere myiza yo kwigisha. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ugereranije na mikorosikopi zo kubaga, umwanya wo kwiga indorerwamo zo hanze uba mugufi. Mu mahugurwa yo muri laboratwari yo gukurura, iyo abanyeshuri n'abaganga basanzwe bahabwa amahugurwa kuri endoskopi na mikorosikopi, abanyeshuri benshi babona ko byoroshye gukoresha endoskopi. Mu kwigisha kubaga indwara y'umutima, abanyeshuri bose bitegereje imiterere y'umubiri w'umuntu binyuze mu ndorerwamo za 3D, bongera ubumenyi bwabo ku miterere y'umubiri w'umutima w'umuntu, bongera ishyaka ryabo mu kubaga, kandi bigabanya igihe cy'amahugurwa.

Ishusho

Nubwo sisitemu y'indorerwamo yo hanze yateye intambwe igaragara mu ikoreshwa ugereranije na mikorosikopi na neuroendoskopi, nayo ifite imbogamizi zayo. Ingorane ikomeye y'indorerwamo zo hanze za mbere za 2D ni ukutagira ubushobozi bwo kureba neza mu kongera imiterere yimbitse, byagize ingaruka ku kubagwa no gupima abaganga. Indorerwamo nshya yo hanze ya 3D yongereye ikibazo cyo kutagira ubushobozi bwo kureba neza, ariko mu bihe bidasanzwe, kwambara indorerwamo za polarized igihe kirekire bishobora gutera ububabare nko kubabara umutwe no kugira isesemi ku muganga ubaga, ari na byo bibanda ku kunoza tekiniki mu ntambwe ikurikira. Byongeye kandi, mu kubagwa kwa endoskopi mu mutwe, rimwe na rimwe biba ngombwa guhindura mikorosikopi mu gihe cyo kubagwa kuko zimwe mu ndwara zikenera gucibwamo amaso hakoreshejwe fluorescence, cyangwa uburebure bw'urumuri rw'umurima wo kubagwa budahagije. Byongeye kandi, mu kubagwa kwa endoskopi mu mutwe, rimwe na rimwe biba ngombwa guhindura mikorosikopi mu gihe cyo kubagwa kuko zimwe mu ndwara zikenera gucibwamo amaso hakoreshejwe fluorescence, cyangwa uburebure bw'urumuri rw'umurima wo kubagwa budahagije. Bitewe n'igiciro kinini cy'ibikoresho bifite filters zidasanzwe, fluorescence endoskopi ntirakoreshwa cyane mu kubagwa. Mu gihe cyo kubaga, umufasha ahagarara mu mwanya utandukanye n'umuganga mukuru, kandi rimwe na rimwe abona ishusho izenguruka. Hakoreshejwe ecran ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi za 3D, amakuru y'ishusho yo kubaga atunganywa na porogaramu kandi akagaragara kuri ecran y'umufasha mu buryo bwa 180 °, bishobora gukemura neza ikibazo cyo kuzenguruka kw'ishusho no gutuma umufasha agira uruhare mu gikorwa cyo kubaga byoroshye.

Muri make, ikoreshwa ry’uburyo bwo gupima no gusuzuma mu kubaga indwara z’ubwonko rigaragaza intangiriro y’igihe gishya cyo kureba mu gihe cyo kubaga indwara z’ubwonko. Ugereranyije na mikorosikopi zo kubaga, indorerwamo zo hanze zifite isura nziza n’aho zigaragara mu kubaga, imiterere myiza mu gihe cyo kubaga, imikorere myiza mu kwigisha, no kwitabira itsinda ry’ababaga neza, hamwe n’ibisubizo bisa. Kubwibyo, ku kubaga indwara z’ubwonko n’iz’umugongo, endoscope ni amahitamo mashya yizewe kandi afite akamaro. Hamwe n’iterambere n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho byinshi byo kureba mu gihe cyo kubaga bishobora gufasha mu kubaga kugira ngo habeho ibibazo bike byo kubaga no kubaga neza.