Gukoresha mu nzego zitandukanye no guteza imbere mikorosikopi zo kubaga zigezweho

 

Uburyo bwo kubaga bwa none bwinjiye mu gihe cyo kubaga mikorosikopi.mikorosikopi yo kubagayongera imbaraga z'urwego rw'ubuganga ku nshuro 4-40 binyuze mu buryo bwo hejuru bw'amatara, urumuri rukonje rwa coaxial, n'ukuboko kwa roboti k'ubwenge, bifasha abaganga gutunganya imiterere mito nk'imitsi y'amaraso n'imitsi ku buryo bunonosoye bwa milimetero 0.1, bihindura burundu imbibi z'ubuganga gakondo. Ibikenewe byihariye by'ubuhanga butandukanye mu ikoranabuhanga rya mikorosikope byatumye habaho iterambere ryihariye ryamikorosikopi zo kubaga, bishyiraho ikoranabuhanga ry’ihindagurika ry’uburyo bwinshi rikorana.

 

Ⅰ、Ubuhanga bw'ingenzi bwa mikorosikopi yo kubaga indwara z'ubwonko

Itsindamikorosikopi yo kubaga ubwonkoyagenewe by'umwihariko kubaga indwara zo mu mutwe no mu ruti rw'umugongo. Ibyiza byayo by'ingenzi biri muri ibi bikurikira:

1. Ishusho y'ibipimo by'ubuhanga mu by'ubuvuzi bw'inyubako zo mu bwoko bwa "deep study fields":Hakoreshejwe lensi ndende y’uburebure bw’ifatizo (200-400mm) hamwe n’ubujyakuzimu bw’ikoranabuhanga ryo mu murima (rishobora guhindurwamo 1-15mm), ingirabuzima fatizo z’ubwonko n’imiyoboro y’amaraso bishobora kugaragazwa neza;

2. Guhuza amashusho menshi:Guhuza fluorescence contrast (nk'ikimenyetso cy'icyatsi kibisi cya indocyanine) na 4K ultra high definition imaging kugira ngo hamenyekane ibibyimba n'ingingo zisanzwe mu gihe cyo kubagwa no kwirinda ibyago byo kwangirika kw'imitsi. Urugero, icyiciro gishya cyamikorosikopi yo kubaga ubwonkoyageze ku gipimo cy’imitsi y’amaraso gifite uburebure bwa 0.2mm, bigabanya kuva amaraso mu gihe cyo kubagwa kugeza munsi ya 30% by’uko byari bisanzwe bibagwa;

3. Gushyira ukuboko kwa roboti mu buryo bw'ubwenge:Igikoresho cy'amashanyarazi gifite ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo ingufu ku kigero cya gatandatu gishyigikira imiterere ihamye ya 360 ° nta nguni zipfuye. Umukoresha ashobora kugenzura ingendo za mikorosikopi akoresheje ijwi cyangwa ibirenge, akagera ku gikorwa cyo "guhuza amaso n'intoki".

 

ⅡIterambere nyaryo rya mikorosikopi yo kubaga amaso

Mikorosikopi yo kubaga amasoigera ku ntambwe ikomeye mu rwego rwo kubaga indwara yo mu bwonko:

- Imikorere yo kuyobora ya 3D:GufataMikorosikopi ikora ya 3DUrugero, ihuza OCT yo mu gihe cyo kubaga (Optical Coherence Tomography) na digital navigation kugira ngo ikurikirane inguni y’umurongo w’inyuma w’ikirahure cy’ubukorano mu gihe nyacyo, bigabanye ikosa risanzwe ryo kugena ibimenyetso kuva kuri 5 ° kugeza kuri 1 °. Gerageza icyarimwe uburebure bw’ikirahure cy’ikirahure cy’ubukorano kugira ngo wirinde ko imiterere y’ikirahure nyuma yo kubagwa ihinduka;

- Amatara adafite uburozi bwinshi:gukoresha urumuri rwa LED rukonje (ubushyuhe bw'ibara 4500-6000K) hamwe n'akayunguruzo gatuma urumuri rutukura rudakora neza kugira ngo bigabanye ibyago byo kwangirika k'urumuri rw'ijisho no kunoza uburyo umurwayi amererwa neza mu gihe cyo kubagwa;

- Ikoranabuhanga ryo Kwagura Ubunini bw'Imbuga:Mu kubaga mu rwego rwo hasi nko kubaga macular, ubujyakuzimu bwinshi bw’ubujyakuzimu bushobora kugumana imiterere isobanutse neza ku gipimo cya 40x, bigatanga umwanya munini wo kubaga ku muganga ubaga.

 

ⅢGuhindura tekiniki mikorosikopi zo kubaga amenyo n'amagufwa

1. Ishami ry'amenyo

Mikorosikopi yo gukoresha amenyoni ngombwa cyane mu kuvura imiyoboro y'amazi:

- Sisitemu yayo yo gukuraho ibintu bitagira ingano ya 4-40 ishobora gushyira ahagaragara microtubules mu miyoboro y'imizi ifite calcium, bigafasha mu gukuramo ibikoresho byo kuvunika bifite uburebure bwa milimetero 18;

- Igishushanyo mbonera cy'urumuri rubiri rwa coaxial gikuraho ahantu hatagaragara mu kanwa, kandi hifashishijwe prism ya beam splitter, gihuza icyerekezo cy'umuganga ubaga n'umufasha we, binongera imikorere myiza y'itsinda.

2. Ubuvuzi bw'amagufwa n'umugongo

Mikorosikopi yo kubaga amagufwana mikorosikopi yo kubaga uruti rw'umugongo yibanda ku buryo bworoshye bwo kuvura indwara:

- Binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gufata amashusho ya narrowband ryamikorosikopi yo gukora uruti rw'umugongo, gukuraho gukanda kw'ingingo ebyiri (nk'uburyo bwo gutunganya ibice bya L4/5 na L5/S1) bishobora kugerwaho mu gihe cyo gukata igice cya santimetero 2.5;

- Ikirahuri cy’amashanyarazi cyo gupima imiterere y’umubiri (nk’icya Varioskop) ® Iyi sisitemu ihuza n’impinduka mu mwanya w’umuntu mu gihe cyo kubagwa kandi ifite intera ishobora guhindurwa ya mm 150-300, ihura n’ibikenewe mu kubaga umuyoboro w’umugongo mu buryo bwimbitse.

 

ⅣUburyo bwihariye bwo guhuza otolaryngology n'ubuvuzi bwo gukubagura pulasitiki

1. Uruhande rw'amatwi, izuru n'umuhogo

Itsindamikorosikopi yo kubagayagenewe by'umwihariko imiyoboro mito:

- Guhuza module yo guhuza laser kugira ngo ugere ku gupima byikora uburyo laser ireba hamwe n'aho ireba microscope mu gukata kanseri yo mu mara;

- Uku kongera ingano y’ibipimo 12.5, hamwe no guhindura intera ikoreshwa n’amashanyarazi, birakwiriye ku bintu byinshi bitandukanye kuva kuri tympanoplasty kugeza kubagwa mu gufungura sinuses.

2. Mu rwego rwo kubaga pulasitiki

Ishingiro ryamikorosikopi yo kubaga pulasitikiigaragara muri mikorosikopi yo mu mubiri:

- Ubuhanga bwo kugabanya ubukana bw'imitsi y'amaraso ku rugero rwa 0.3mm, bushyigikira ibikorwa byoroshye cyane nko kugabanya ubukana bw'imitsi y'amaraso mu maraso;

- Indorerwamo ifasha mu gutandukanya imirasire n'ishusho yo hanze ya 3D bikorana mu kureba ibintu byinshi, bikongera umuvuduko wo gutera uruhu.

 

Ⅴ、Udushya rusange mu buryo bw'ibanze bwo gushyigikira

Uko byaba bimeze kose, mikorosikopi yo kubaga namikorosikopi ikoradusangiye impinduka eshatu z'ibanze:

1. Udushya mu buryo bwo gushyiraho:Itsinda mikorosikopi ikoreshwa mu gufunga amezabitanga ubushobozi bwo kugenda neza, imiterere y'igisenge igabanya umwanya, kandi imiterere y'ubutaka ihuza ubwisanzure n'ubwisanzure bwo gukosora;

2. Kuvugurura uburyo mudasobwa zikorana n'abantu:Kugenzura ijwi (nk'uko bikoreshwa mu kugenzura ijwi 4.0) no kurinda impanuka mu buryo bwikora bigabanya cyane ingaruka mbi mu mikorere;

3. Kwagura ikoranabuhanga:Sisitemu ya kamera ya 4K/8K ishyigikira ubujyanama bwo kure no gushyira ibimenyetso mu buryo bwa AI mu gihe nyacyo (nk'uburyo bwo kumenya imitsi y'amaraso yikora), bigatuma microsurgery ijya mu gihe cy'ubufatanye bw'ubwenge.

 

Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza: kuva ku buhanga budasanzwe kugeza ku guhuza ikoranabuhanga

Ubuhanga mu by'ubumenyi bw'ibanzemikorosikopi zo kubagantabwo byabangamiye uburyo ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu buvuzi butandukanye. Urugero, ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura imiyoboro y'amaraso mu buvuzi bw'imitsi ryakoreshejwe mu kugenzura imiyoboro y'amaraso yo mu nda ya retina.mikorosikopi zikora ku buvuzi bw'amasomodules z'amashusho zikoresha amenyo zigenda zishyirwa mu buryo bwa "high deep optical modules" zirimo gushyirwa muri "dental high deep optical modules".mikorosikopi yo kubagakugira ngo hongerwe uburebure bw'aho umuntu abagwa amazuru. Muri icyo gihe, udushya nka augmented reality (AR) dukubiyemo amashusho mbere yo kubagwa no kugenzura amarobo akoresha remote control bizakomeza guteza imbere iterambere ry’ubuhanga bwo kubaga amazuru mu buryo butatu bugana ku "buryo bwiza, ubwenge, no kutagira ingaruka zikomeye".

 

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Iterambere ryihariye ryamikorosikopi zikoramu by’ukuri ni isano iri hagati y’ibikenewe mu buvuzi n’ubushobozi bwa tekiniki: bisaba ko habaho imiterere mito cyane igaragazwa namikorosikopi yo kubaga amason'uburyo bworoshye bwo gusubiza mu myobo miremire bukozwe n'ibicemikorosikopi yo gukora uruti rw'umugongoKandi iyo imikorere myiza y'amashami yihariye igeze ku rwego rw'ingenzi, guhuza ikoranabuhanga mu buryo butandukanye bizafungura uburyo bushya bwo kubaga mikorosikopi.